debate、argue、dispute和contend用法辨析

debate、argue、dispute和contend用法辨析

1.debate“爭辯”、“爭論”，可作動詞或名詞，動詞后不跟 that 從句，偏重兩邊正式爭辯，各陳來由，有較強的“交鋒”意味。

正式用詞，多指圍繞某一成績掀開的或爭論。側重指意見看法對峙的兩邊之間的正式或公開的爭辯。

偏重“兩邊各述己見”, 內含“交鋒”的意思, 如:
We have been debating about the issue.
我們不休在就這個成績舉行爭辯。

I don't wish to debate my opinions with you. 我不想就我的想法同你爭辯。

The Senate debated whether the new highway should be built or not.

參議院就對否應該制作這條新公路掀開爭辯。

On Sunday night they challenged us to debate on the problem of automobile

development and heavy traffic.

星期天夜晚,他們向我們挑唆爭辯汽車提高與的交通擁堵成績。

It is useless to debate this question in angry quarrel.

在惱怒的爭辯中爭論這種成績是沒有效的

The Parliament has been debating the financial situation for two weeks.

議會就財務情況爭辯已有兩個星期。

We debated until it was time for supper.我們不休辮論到晚飯時間。

2.argue只作動詞，不克不及作名詞用，為最平凡用詞，后可跟 that 從句，表現“壓服，論證”或“試圖壓服”，指從平心靜氣的說理到言辭劇烈的爭論。“爭辯”、“爭論”、“爭辯”，平凡用詞，指堅持己見與人爭論本人不贊同或反對的事，偏重說理、試圖壓服他人。

I argued with him for a long time, but he refused to listen to reason.

我與他爭論了好長時間,但他不聽我跟他說理。

The lawyers for the plaintiff and the defendant argued the case for hours.

原告人狀師與被告狀師就這個案子爭辯了好幾個小時。

She knew it was useless to argue with his father. He would not change his decision.

她曉得跟父親爭論是沒用的，他決定的事不會變動。

He tried to argue that the case was not what it seemed to be.

我們試圖爭辯論,事并不是像外表看上去的那樣。

I argued with her for a long time, but she refused to listen to reason.
我和她爭辯了好久, 但她照舊不聽。

President Lincoln argued that all men are created equal. 林肯總統主張人皆生來同等。

可以指“說理，論證”，也可以指“劇烈地互換意見致使爭辯”。如:
　　1) He argued against the plan.他舉出種種來由反對這項方案。
　　2) He argued that she should not go.他爭辯論，她不應當去。

3. dispute可作動詞或名詞，動詞后不跟 that 從句，偏重兩邊各不相謀，對峙不下，針鋒相對地劇烈爭辯。

“爭論”、“爭辯”、“爭辯”，多對不合舉行劇烈或熱烈的爭論或爭辯，爭辯中熱情多于明智，爭論兩邊屢屢各持已見，爭論對峙不下，成績得不到處理。

指“劇烈爭辯”, 含有“對峙不下”或“未得處理”之意, 如:
Whether he will be elected as chairman is still disputed.
他對否中選為主席, 仍舊有爭論。

The opposing party disputed with the president on the government budget. 反對黨就當局預算成績同總統劇烈爭論。

He disputed with his wife on household expenses.

他與妻子在家庭開支成績上爭論不下。

Whether he will succeed with his new method is still disputed.

關于他接納新辦法對否會告捷這一點，仍舊存在爭論。

The school board members spend their time disputing and getting nothing done.

學校董事會成員花不少時間爭辯，但什么事也做不成。

It is ridiculous for them dispute about such trivial matters.

在這些瑣事上爭的不亦樂是荒唐的。

The strikers began to dispute hotly with management on the increase in wages.

歇工工人開頭就增長薪資成績與資方掀開劇烈爭論。

The circumstances of her death have been hotly disputed.

她的死因惹起了劇烈的爭論。

Few will dispute that educating women has great social benefits.

很少有人質疑婦女承受教導具有嚴重的社會心義。

They are disputing about the rights and wrongs of the case.他們正在劇烈爭論這個事變的青紅皁白。

4.contend “爭辯”、“爭論”，指據理力圖，或自以為本人是對的，多見接賓語從句

that-clause。指聲稱某事實情，含有與他人舉行爭辯的意思。如：

They didn’t contending about the least important points in the design.

對計劃中的一些不緊張的場合，他們沒有什么爭論。

The man contended that it was not his fault.

那人爭辯論這不是他的不對。

Some people contend that current immigration laws unfairly discriminate against

certain racial groups.

有些人爭辯論現行的移民法對某些種族團體有不公平的藐視。

I would contend that the minister's thinking is flawed on this point.

我倒以為部長的想法在這一點上有毛病。

The government contends that he is fundamentalist...

當局認定他是原教旨主義者。

I would contend that unemployment is the most serious social problem today.

我以為失業是當今最為嚴峻的社會弊端。

He contended that it was true.

他聲稱那是真的。

They contend that the company failed to disclose material information.

他們堅持以為該公司并未泄漏本性性的信息。

5. contend v. 主張，聲稱

指聲稱某事實情，含有與他人舉行爭辯的意思。如：

He contended that it was true.

他聲稱那是真的。

I would contend that unemployment is the most serious social problem today.

我以為失業是當今最為嚴峻的社會弊端

6. assert v. 堅決主張；斷言

含較強的臆斷意味，指堅決而明白地表現某事真實無誤。

She asserted that French cooking is the best in the world.

她堅稱法國菜是天下上最好的。

The scientist asserted that there is no water on the moon.

那位封建家斷言月球上沒有水

7. maintain v. 堅持說，堅持以為，如：

指堅決維護某種主張或看法等。

She maintained her innocence.

她堅持本人是無辜的。

He maintains that he once saw a UFO.

他堅稱本人曾望見過飛碟。